foerster



2 Sheets-Sheet 1. E. POERSTER. STONE CUTTING MACHINERY.

Patented Janwlll, 1890.

\i x l N. PETERS, Phmwumagnphur. wnshmgmn. D. C.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

E. FOERSTER.

sToNE CUTTING MACHINERY.

No. 419,193. Patented Jan. 14, 1890.

ymy cutters or tools.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EMANUEL FOERSTER, OF NEV YORK, N. Y.

STONE-CUTTING MACHINERY.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 419,193, dated January14, 1890.

Application filed January 5, 1889. Serial No. 295,501. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, EMANUEL FoERsTER, a resident of the city of NewYork, in the county and State of New York, have .invented certain newand useful Improvements in StoneOutt-ing Machinery, of which thefollowing is a specification.

One object of my invention is to provide improved means for cuttingstone, so that the stone will not be chipped off or injured during thecutting process.

Another object of my invention is to provide an improved tool forcutting stone that will be simple in construction and yet durable andeificient in use.

The invention consists in the details of improvement and thecombinations of parts t-hat will be more fully hereinafter set forth.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming part ofthis specification, in which- Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinalsectional elevation of a stone-cutting machine containing my invention.Fig. 2 is a cross- -sectional view of the reciprocating tools,

showing the means for supporting them in face view. Fig. 3 is a sideview of one of Figs. 4 and 5 are detail face views of cutting-tools.Fig. 6 is a side view of a tool; and Fig. 7 is a perspective view oftools in position for cutting a design in a stone.

In the accompanying drawings, the letter A represents the frame of astone-cutting machine, at the upper part of which is suitably journaleda horizontal shaft B, that is provided with an eccentric a. The shaft Bmay be rotated in any suitable manner.

D is a sliding reciprocating tool-carrying plate that is guided inmovable guides b, carried by the frame A. The reciprocating plate D ispivotally connected by straps d with the eccentric a, whereby when saideccentric rotates, the plate D will be reciprocated.

c is an arm connected with the strap (l, which arm is also pivotallyconnected by a link f with a sliding rod g, whereby when the rod g ismoved the reciprocating plate D will be swung or raised and lowered.

E is a frame or track upon which a stonecarriage F is adapted to move.The frame E is adapted to be raised and lowered, and is supported byscrew-rods h at the sides of the machine, which are turned by suitablemeans so as to raise and lower the track or frame E and thereby thestone-carriage F.

t' is a longitudinal shaft that extends. parallel with the track orframe E, and is connected by gearing j Z m with the stonecar riage, sothat as said shaft is rotated the stone-carriage will be movedlongitudinally. The shaft t' is connected by gearing n, o, p, and q withthe main shaft B of the machine, whereby t-he shaft t' is driven.

The above construction and arrangement of parts are similar to thatshown in Letters Patent of the United States, No. 392,601, granted to meNovember 13, 1888, and I therefore refer to such patent for a moreparticular and detailed description of the construction and operation ofthe beforementioned stone-cutting machine; but it is evident that thereciprocating plate D may be actuated and the stone-carriage F raisedand lowered and moved longitudinally by means other than that shownherein, if desired.

G represents my improved tool, which is constructed as follows: The toolGis made of hard metal and of any desired width or outline at itscutting end, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5. On the cutting end of the toolG, I place one or more diamonds H. (See Figs. 3, 4, 5, and 6.) Thesediamonds H are secured to the cutting-edge of the tool G by setting saiddiamonds into the tool and casting metal y around them, so as to leave apart of the diamonds projecting beyond the end of the tool. There may beany desired number of diamonds set side by side along the width of thesame tool G, (see Fig. 4,) and they will be arranged to follow theoutline or curve of the tool at the cutting end, as indicated in Figs. 4and 7. In order that any one diamond will not have to withstand toolarge a resistance, and in order, also, to produce the desired outlineby a series of diamonds, one behind the other at each blow, I prefer toconstruct the tool with one or more steps J, thereby producing cornersL, upon which the diamonds H are placed, as shown. Then the tool is setto cut the stone, it is adjusted at an angle to IOO , tool is movedto'cut.

the stone, say eighty degrees, so that the inner diamonds, or thediamond farthest from the lower end of the tool, will iirst encounterthe stone. The tool, will be reciprocated, so that said inner diamondwill dress off part of the stone to a certain degree, until the diamondon the corner or edge L next lower than the one just mentioned willencounter the stone. Both diamonds will now cut the stone, cach takingoff its certain small amount of stone as it is reciprocated. The nextdiamond on the edge L lower or nearer the end of the tool than theprevious diamonds will next begin to cut, and so on'until the diamondson each edge L of the tool, however many there may be, will allencounter thev stone, so that each diamond is only required to do asmall amount of work, while the aggregate of all the diamonds will do alarge amount of work.

Each tool G is a plate or bar and has diamonds on its stepped end, as inFigs. 3, 4, and 5. For cutting a stone a proper series of such tools issecured side by side in a suitable clamp M, so that con j ointly theywill pro duce the desired effect, as in Fig. 7.

In order that the tool will not chip or break off the stone, as is donewith stones that are fed toward the tool, l move the stone from underthe tool; or, in other words, I move the stone in the direction in whichthe cutting- For instance, supposing the cutting-tool G to be moved inthe direction of the arrow in Fig. l to dress the stone, the stone willbe moved in substantially the same direction, as indicated in saidfigure by the arrow a4. Vhen setting the stone to be cut, the stone isfirst placed under and behind the tool, and is then moved toward thetool in the direction of the arrow c4, or of cutting movement of thetool, so that the edge of the stone will first be encountered by thetool. As the tool is now reciprocated, the rst diamond to c'ut willbegin its work on the edge of the stone, and 'as there is no part of thestone in front of said tool there will be no chipping of the stone. Asthe stone is now moved in the direction of the arrow d4, the tool willcut or dress the stone that is fed to it from beneath or behind, therebyleaving a dressed edge on the stone in front of the tool, as shown. Asthe tool does not encounter amass of stone in its front, but rathershaves the stone olf from behind, the stone will not be chipped orbroken, but an even cutting will be effected. The tools being all set inthe clamp, the stone will be moved up to the tool, when the highestdiamonds will all encounter the stone and gradually eat into the stone,while as the stone is moved the lower diamonds will step by stepencounter and dress the stone. This is kept up until the lower diamondsencounter the stone, when all the diamonds will act to dress the stone.The lower diamonds are the ones that give the outlinel tothe stone, theother diamonds above them merely cutting away the stone above, so thatthe lower diamonds will have little work to do. By. thus giving eachdiamond a small amount of work and providing av number of diamonds alargeamount of work can be accomplished.

In Fig. 7 isshown a number ot' tools G, having diamonds H placedtogether to cut a design in a stone. The stone is moved in the directionof the arrow, and the diamonds dress oft the stone that is fed frombehind, all the diamonds above the lowest ones dressing oit thesuperfluous stone, while the lowest diamonds give the outline to thestone.

The double cutter or tool shown in Fig. 3 l prefer, because when thestone has been cut by moving it in one direction the tool can be swungunder or around c and the stone 'fed in the reverse direction to smoothor plane the stone. This can be done without moving the stone or toolsfrom the machine, thereby effecting a saving of time, &c.

Having now described my invention, what l claim isl. In a stone-cuttingmachine, a stone-carriage and means, substantially as described, formoving said carriage in the direction of the cutting motion of thecutting-tool, combined with a cutting-tool having projecting diamondsfor engaging a stone, and with means, substantially as described, forreciprocating the tool, substantially as described.

2. A tool for cuttingstone, consisting of a plate or bar G, having stepsJ and corners L on different planes in the length of the tool, anddiamonds set on the. corners L, substantially as described.

EMANUEL FOERSTER.

Witnesses:

HARRY M. TURK, THEO. F. BOURNE.

IOO

